美国大学对本科生培养的12条标准
1.具有清楚地思维、谈吐、写作的能力(The ability to think, speak and write clearly);
2.具有以批评的方式系统地推理的能力(The ability to reason critically and systematically);
3.具有形成概念和解决问题的能力(The ability to conceptualize and solve problems);
4.具有独立思考的能力(The ability to think independently);
5.具有敢于创新及独立工作的能力(The ability to take initiative and work independently);
6.具有与他人合作的能力(The ability to work in cooperation with others and learn collaboratively);
7.具有判断什么意谓着彻底理解某种东西的能力(The ability to judge what is means to understand something thoroughly);
8.具有辨识重要的东西与琐碎的东西、持久的东西与短暂的东西的能力(The ability to distinguish the important from the trivial,the enduring from the ephemeral);
9.熟悉不同的思维方式(定量、历史、科学、道德、美学)(Familiarity with different modes of thought);
10.具有某一领域知识的深度(Depth of knowledge in a particular field);
11.具有观察不同学科、文化、理念相关之处的能力(The ability to see connection among disciplines, ideas and cultures);
12.具有一生求学不止的能力(The ability to pursue lifelong learning)。
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